In China, a rocket accidentally lifts off during a test and crashes

News Excerpt:

The first stage of the Tianlong-3 ignited normally during a hot test but later detached from the bench due to a structural failure and landed in a hilly area of the city of Gongyi in central China.

Tianlong-3 and Space Pioneer

  • The two-stage Tianlong-3 (the name is Mandarin for “Sky Dragon”) is a partly reusable rocket under development by Space Pioneer, one of a small group of private-sector rocket makers.
  • Space Pioneer launched a kerosene-oxygen rocket, the Tianlong-2, becoming the first private Chinese firm to send a liquid-propellant rocket into space.

Rocket Technology 

  • A hot test is one in which fuel is flowed into the rocket motor being tested and it is allowed to fire in conditions mimicking those during lift-off.
  • A rocket can consist of several stages, with the first, or lowest, stage igniting and propelling the rocket upwards upon its launch.
  • When the fuel is exhausted, the first stage falls off, and the second stage ignites, keeping the rocket in propulsion. Some rockets have third stages. 
    • India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) has four stages.

PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) 

  • It is an indigenously-developed expendable launch system of the ISRO.
  • It comes in the category of medium-lift launchers with a reach up to various orbits, including the GeoSynchronous Transfer Orbit, Lower Earth Orbit, and Polar Sun Synchronous Orbit.
  • PSLV has a four-stage system comprising a combination of solid and liquid-fuelled rocket stages.
    • The first stage at the very bottom is solid fuelled, having six strap-on solid rocket boosters wrapped around it. 
    • Second stage is liquid fuelled.
    • The third stage has a solid fuelled rocket motor. 
    • At the fourth stage, the launcher uses a liquid propellant to boost in the outer space.

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